Medical Records Retention Laws by State (2026 Guide)

No single federal law sets how long doctors and hospitals must keep patient records. State law controls retention, with periods ranging from 3 years in Wyoming to 20 years in Massachusetts. Most states require 5 to 10 years; HIPAA's 6-year rule covers only compliance documentation, not patient records.

Medical records retention laws determine how long hospitals, doctors, and other healthcare providers must keep your health information. These laws vary significantly from state to state.

For a complete overview of federal requirements, HIPAA rules, and a summary table of all 50 states, see our Medical Records Retention Laws by State hub page.

State-by-State Medical Records Retention Laws

Select your state for a detailed guide covering hospital and physician retention periods, minor patient records, HIPAA interaction, patient access rights, copy fees, destruction rules, and practice closure procedures.