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Ohio is a stand-your-ground state under ORC 2901.09(B) (SB 175, eff. April 6, 2021). No duty to retreat anywhere lawfully present. Castle doctrine presumption at ORC 2901.05(B)(2) covers residence and vehicle.
Oregon has no stand-your-ground statute, but State v. Sandoval (2007) held ORS 161.219 imposes no duty to retreat. ORS 161.219 governs deadly force; ORS 161.225 covers defense of premises.
Rhode Island is a duty-to-retreat state. Learn about R.I. Gen. Laws § 11-8-8, the castle doctrine for burglary/breaking-and-entering, the common-law reasonable-fear standard, and when self-defense fails.
North Carolina stand-your-ground and castle doctrine explained. G.S. 14-51.3 removes duty to retreat; 14-51.2 creates presumption of reasonable fear for home, vehicle, and workplace intrusions.
New Mexico has no stand-your-ground statute, but case law (State v. Couch 1946) and UJI 14-5190 establish no duty to retreat. NMSA 30-2-7 governs justifiable homicide.
North Dakota is a stand-your-ground state since HB 1498 (2021). No duty to retreat anywhere lawfully present. Castle doctrine presumption for home, workplace, and occupied RVs under N.D.C.C. 12.1-05-07.1.
New Jersey is a duty-to-retreat state, not stand your ground. N.J.S.A. 2C:3-4(b)(2)(b) bars deadly force when safe retreat is possible. Castle doctrine covers the dwelling only. No civil immunity statute.
New York is a duty-to-retreat state. Under Penal Law § 35.15(2)(a), deadly force is barred when safe retreat is possible. Castle doctrine applies in the dwelling only. No stand your ground, no civil immunity.
New Hampshire is a stand-your-ground state under RSA 627:4(III). No duty to retreat in your home, its curtilage, or anywhere you have a right to be. Learn NH castle doctrine, deadly force rules, and civil immunity under RSA 627:1-a.
Nevada is a stand-your-ground state. NRS 200.120 eliminates the duty to retreat for lawful occupants. Learn Nevada castle doctrine, deadly force rules, and civil immunity under NRS 41.095.
Mississippi is a stand-your-ground state. Miss. Code Ann. 97-3-15(4) eliminates any duty to retreat; 97-3-15(3) creates a castle doctrine presumption for homes, vehicles, businesses, and workplaces. Learn about immunity under 97-3-15(5) and the 2023 amendment.
Nebraska is a duty-to-retreat state, not stand your ground. Learn how 28-1409 works, the castle doctrine for home and workplace, the co-worker carve-out, and when self-defense fails.