
Israel Defamation Laws: Civil & Criminal
Defamation in Israel is both a civil wrong and a crime under the Prohibition of Defamation Law, 5725-1965, with damages available without proof of harm.
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Defamation in Israel is both a civil wrong and a crime under the Prohibition of Defamation Law, 5725-1965, with damages available without proof of harm.

In Iran defamation is mainly criminal. The Islamic Penal Code punishes defamation, qazf, and insult; the Press and Computer Crimes laws add offences.

In Iceland defamation is both criminal, under General Penal Code Articles 234 to 237, and civil, with damages available under the Tort Damages Act.

Defamation in Ghana is civil only: Parliament repealed criminal libel and sedition in 2001 (Act 602), so libel and slander are now common-law tort claims.

Defamation in Egypt is both criminal (Penal Code arts 302-308) and civil, with online liability under the 2018 Cybercrime Law and the 2018 Media Law.

In Cyprus defamation is a civil matter only; criminal libel was abolished in 2003, and claims now proceed under the Civil Wrongs Law, Cap 148.

Defamation in Costa Rica is both a crime (Penal Code arts 145-152: injuria, difamacion, calumnia) and a civil matter, but prison was abolished in 2010.

Defamation in China is both civil (Civil Code arts. 1024-1025) and criminal (Criminal Law art. 246, up to 3 years), with 2013 online thresholds.

Defamation in Cameroon is both civil and criminal: Penal Code section 305 punishes it with jail and fines, and the 2010 cybercrime law covers online posts.

Defamation in Bangladesh is both a crime (Penal Code ss. 499-500, up to 2 years) and a civil tort; the separate online offence was repealed in 2025.

Defamation in Bahrain is both civil and criminal: Penal Code articles 364-366 (up to 2 years) and Law 60/2014 on IT crimes for online insult and slander.

Defamation in Venezuela is civil and criminal: Penal Code arts 442-446 punish difamacion and injuria with prison and fines, plus civil damages.