Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Employee Monitoring Laws (2026): Workplace Surveillance Rights
Pennsylvania is one of the strictest all-party consent states in the country for recording, but that consent rule is a separate question from whether an employer can monitor company communications. Pennsylvania has no dedicated employee electronic-monitoring notice statute and no social-media-password law. A 2012 bill that would have created the latter, the Social Media Privacy Protection Act, never made it out of committee, and no successor bill has advanced since.
This article provides general legal information about Pennsylvania employee monitoring law as of July 9, 2026. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship. Consult a Pennsylvania-licensed attorney about your specific situation.
Scope: This article covers Pennsylvania law on an employer's authority to monitor employees, access personal social media, and conduct workplace video, GPS, and biometric monitoring. It does not re-derive Pennsylvania's all-party consent recording rules in full (see our Pennsylvania recording laws guide) or GPS law generally outside the employment context (see our Pennsylvania GPS tracking laws guide).
The Federal Baseline: the "Ordinary Course of Business" Exception
Pennsylvania's starting point for any workplace monitoring question is federal, not state, law. Title I of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act makes it unlawful to intentionally intercept wire, oral, or electronic communications without consent under (part of Title I's broader 18 U.S.C. sections 2510 to 2523), but the statute carves out a broad business-extension exemption for the owner of a communications system. Under (5)(a), equipment an employer furnishes to staff for use in the ordinary course of business, such as its phone, email, and computer systems, is excluded from the Act's definition of a prohibited interception device, letting the employer intercept communications on that system in the ordinary course of business.
The leading case applying this exception is Watkins v. L.M. Berry & Co., 704 F.2d 577 (11th Cir. 1983): once a monitored call is identified as personal, the ordinary-course exception generally ends, and continued listening can create liability. Pennsylvania's own wiretap statute, WESCA, 18 Pa.C.S. section 5703, sits on top of that federal floor and is significantly stricter: it requires every party's consent. WESCA's business-extension exception at section 5704(15) lets an employer monitor business-line calls for quality control when employees receive prior notice, the practical route Pennsylvania employers use instead of relying on federal law alone.
Does Pennsylvania Require Notice Before Electronic Monitoring?
No. A small group of states, Connecticut, Delaware, New York, and (starting in 2026) Maine, require written or posted notice before monitoring phone, email, or internet use on the job. Pennsylvania has not enacted a comparable statute, and no clearly identifiable bill modeled on that approach appears pending in the General Assembly.
One related proposal is federal, not state: the Stop Spying Bosses Act, introduced by a group of senators that included Pennsylvania's then-Senator Bob Casey, whose term ended in January 2025, would require employers nationwide to disclose workplace surveillance. It is not Pennsylvania law and has not been enacted. Pennsylvania employers today rely on WESCA's business-extension exception and the federal ordinary-course exception, not a dedicated state notice statute.
Social Media Privacy: Pennsylvania Has No Law (Yet)
Unlike Oklahoma and Oregon, both of which bar employers from demanding a personal social media password, Pennsylvania has never enacted such a law and is not among the roughly two dozen states that have.
The state came closer than some. House Bill 2332, the "Social Media Privacy Protection Act," was introduced by Representative Jesse White on June 18, 2012, with 29 co-sponsors. It would have barred employers from requiring an employee or applicant to disclose social media credentials, with exceptions preserving an employer's ability to maintain workplace technology policies, monitor company-owned devices, and view publicly available information. The bill was referred to the House Labor and Industry Committee the same day and never received a committee vote. It has had no further action since, and no comparable bill has advanced. Readers may recognize the pattern from Kentucky's House Bill 585, a similar unenacted proposal; Pennsylvania's bill follows the same trajectory.
Because no statute exists, a Pennsylvania employer that asks for a personal social media password is not violating a dedicated state law, though other legal theories, such as discrimination law or a common-law privacy claim, may still apply on the right facts.
Video and Audio Surveillance in Pennsylvania Workplaces
Pennsylvania's all-party consent rule is the sharpest trap in this cluster. Under WESCA, 18 Pa.C.S. section 5703, every participant must consent before anyone may record, a third-degree felony carrying up to 7 years in prison. This applies fully at work: an employer cannot secretly record a meeting, call, or conversation without every participant's consent, and an employee who is a party does not get to record unilaterally either. Employers most often rely on the business-extension exception at section 5704(15), permitting monitoring of business-line calls for quality control when employees receive prior notice, Pennsylvania's practical substitute for a notice statute. Our Pennsylvania workplace recording guide covers the consent question in more depth.
Pennsylvania has no employment-specific video-surveillance statute, but its voyeurism law limits where any camera can point. WESCA's audio-interception rule does not reach silent video, so a security camera capturing only video in a common work area is generally lawful. A separate statute, 18 Pa.C.S. section 7507.1, prohibits recording a person's intimate areas or nudity without consent in a place with a reasonable expectation of privacy. A first offense is a misdemeanor of the third degree; multiple violations escalate to the second degree. An employer installing a camera in those spaces, even for a stated security reason, is exposed to criminal liability regardless of policy, and adding audio activates WESCA's felony exposure on top of it.
Employers deploying workplace monitoring software face a distinct risk the Third Circuit sharpened in Popa v. Harriet Carter Gifts, Inc. (3d Cir. 2023): WESCA has no "direct recipient" exception, so a company whose own code intercepts keystrokes or browsing activity cannot escape liability just because its own servers received the data. That reasoning extends to employer-side bossware and keystroke loggers deployed without every affected party's consent. Employer no-recording policies are not automatically enforceable either: under NLRB Stericycle, Inc., 372 NLRB No. 113 (2023), a blanket ban is presumptively unlawful if it could chill wage or working-condition discussions, and GC Memorandum 25-07 (2025) treats undisclosed recording of bargaining sessions as a per se bad-faith bargaining violation.
GPS and Vehicle Tracking of Pennsylvania Employees
Pennsylvania is a genuine gap state on vehicle tracking. No statute specifically prohibits, or permits with conditions, installing a GPS tracker on a vehicle, private or company-owned. The one statute using the words "mobile tracking device," 18 Pa.C.S. section 5761, governs police applying to a court for authority to use one; it says nothing about private tracking, including by an employer.
In practice, an employer tracking a vehicle it owns faces essentially no legal obstacle, since ownership is the strongest available defense in a state with no tracking-specific statute. Tracking an employee's personal vehicle is murkier: nothing squarely prohibits it, but covert tracking that becomes part of a pattern of following or intimidating someone can be prosecuted as stalking under 18 Pa.C.S. section 2709.1, a first-degree misdemeanor escalating to a third-degree felony for a second offense. House Bill 407 would close this gap directly: it passed the House 201-2 on April 8, 2025 and remains pending in the Senate Judiciary Committee as of mid-2026. As passed by the House, it would fold nonconsensual tracking into the stalking statute while preserving tracking by law enforcement under court order, parents tracking minor children, caregivers, and employers tracking fleet vehicles they own. Until the Senate acts, none of that is codified law. See our Pennsylvania GPS tracking laws guide for the fuller picture.
Biometric Monitoring: Time Clocks in Pennsylvania
Employers increasingly use fingerprint or facial-recognition time clocks, and trucking fleets use driver-facing cameras that capture biometric identifiers. Illinois' Biometric Information Privacy Act, 740 ILCS 14, is the strongest law of this kind nationally, requiring written consent and creating a private right of action; it does not apply outside Illinois. Pennsylvania has no standalone biometric privacy statute, and unlike Oklahoma and Oregon, it does not yet have a comprehensive consumer privacy law either.
House Bill 78, the proposed Consumer Data Privacy Act, passed the House 127 to 76 on October 1, 2025 and would classify biometric data as sensitive, requiring opt-in consent, following the model most states use. It cleared a Senate committee in February 2026 but had not received a full Senate vote as of mid-2026, and if enacted would likely, though not certainly, exempt employment-context data as Oklahoma's and Oregon's laws do. Until then, it is not in force.
Pennsylvania's breach-notification law leaves a genuine gap Oklahoma's and Oregon's do not. The Breach of Personal Information Notification Act (BPINA), amended by Act 33 of 2024, requires notice after a breach involving Social Security numbers, driver's license numbers, and financial account numbers, but does not list biometric identifiers among them. A Pennsylvania employer whose stored employee fingerprint data is exposed in a breach is not clearly required to notify anyone, unless that data is linked to another covered element. See our Pennsylvania biometric privacy guide for the pending bills.
What Pennsylvania Employees Can Do About Monitoring Concerns
An employee who believes an employer crossed a legal line has a few concrete options. A secret recording made without every participant's consent can support a criminal complaint and a civil suit under 18 Pa.C.S. section 5725. A camera in a restroom or locker room can support a law enforcement report under the video voyeurism statute. Covert tracking that fits a pattern of following can support a stalking complaint under 18 Pa.C.S. section 2709.1 or a Protection From Abuse petition where the tracker is a family or household member. Monitoring tied to a protected characteristic or concerted activity may fall under the Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission or the NLRB instead.
Because Pennsylvania genuinely lacks statutes several neighboring states have (a notice law, a social-media law, a GPS-tracking law), an employee with a specific fact pattern should keep records (dates, what was monitored, any written policy) and consult a Pennsylvania-licensed employment attorney rather than assume a single statute covers the situation. For the broader picture, see our Employee Monitoring Laws by State hub and our general US recording laws guide.
Disclaimer
This article provides general legal information about Pennsylvania employee monitoring law as of July 9, 2026. It is not a substitute for individualized legal advice. Employment monitoring disputes often involve overlapping statutes, employer policy, and federal law, and outcomes depend on specific facts. Readers should consult an attorney licensed in Pennsylvania for advice about a particular situation.
Related articles
- Employee Monitoring Laws by State
- Pennsylvania Recording Laws
- Pennsylvania Workplace Recording Laws
- Pennsylvania GPS Tracking Laws
- Pennsylvania Biometric Privacy Laws
- US Recording Laws by State
Last updated: July 9, 2026. Statutes cited reflect their in-force version as of that date.
More Pennsylvania Laws
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Pennsylvania law require my employer to tell me I'm being electronically monitored?
No. Pennsylvania has not enacted a notice statute like Connecticut, Delaware, New York, or Maine. Employers commonly rely on WESCA's business-extension exception, which requires notice only for business-line calls, and the federal ordinary-course exception for other systems.
Can my employer ask for my Facebook or Instagram password in Pennsylvania?
There is no statute that prohibits it. A 2012 bill, House Bill 2332, would have banned the practice but stalled in committee, and no successor bill has passed since. Other legal theories may apply depending on how the employer uses the information.
Can my employer secretly record my conversations at work in Pennsylvania?
No. Pennsylvania's all-party consent law, 18 Pa.C.S. section 5703, requires every participant's consent before any recording, applying to employers the same as anyone else. Violating it is a third-degree felony carrying up to 7 years in prison.
Can my employer GPS track a company vehicle I drive in Pennsylvania?
Generally yes. Pennsylvania has no statute specifically regulating GPS tracking, so an employer tracking a vehicle it owns faces no clear legal obstacle. A pending bill, House Bill 407, would expressly preserve employer fleet tracking if enacted.
Can my employer put a camera in a Pennsylvania workplace restroom or locker room?
No. The video voyeurism statute, 18 Pa.C.S. section 7507.1, prohibits recording a person's intimate areas or nudity without consent in a place with a reasonable expectation of privacy, and this applies to employer-installed cameras the same as anyone else's.
Can my Pennsylvania employer require a fingerprint scan for the time clock?
There is no statute requiring consent before an employer collects biometric data for a time clock, and Pennsylvania's breach-notification law does not currently list biometric identifiers among the data that triggers a notice duty, unlike Oklahoma's and Oregon's laws.
Is there a bill that would make GPS tracking illegal in Pennsylvania?
Yes. House Bill 407 would fold nonconsensual tracking into the stalking statute while preserving law enforcement, parental, caregiver, and employer fleet-tracking exceptions. It passed the House 201-2 in April 2025 and remains pending in the Senate Judiciary Committee.
Can my employer monitor my computer activity with tracking software in Pennsylvania?
Employers commonly monitor company systems under WESCA's business-extension exception and the federal ordinary-course exception. But Popa v. Harriet Carter Gifts, Inc. confirms WESCA has no exception just because the employer's own systems received the intercepted data, a real risk for undisclosed keystroke-logging tools.
Updates
Independently fact-checked against the cited primary sources
Governing law re-checked for recent changes
Corrected WESCA's business/quality-control monitoring exception from 18 Pa.C.S. 5704(4) (which is actually the all-party prior-consent clause) to the correct pinpoint, 5704(15), in both places it was cited, and corrected the federal 'ordinary course of business' employer-monitoring exception to its actual statutory source, 18 U.S.C. section 2510(5)(a) (not 2511(2)(a)(i)).
Governing law re-checked for recent changes
Reviewed and approved by an editor
The Law Behind This Article
This article rests on 7 statutory provisions held in our own legal record, each retrieved from the official source. Tap a section to read the operative text.
United States Code Title 18
§ 2510DefinitionsIn forcecited in 120 of our articles
As used in this chapter— “wire communication” means any aural transfer made in whole or in part through the use of facilities for the transmission of communications by the aid of wire, cable, or other like connection between the point of origin and the point of reception (including the use of such connection in a switching station) furnished or operated by any person engaged in providing or operating such facilities for the transmission of interstate or foreign communications or communications affecting interstate or foreign commerce; “oral communication” means any oral communication uttered by a person exhibiting an expectation that such communication is not subject to interception under circumstances justifying such expectation, but such term does not include any electronic communication; “State” means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States; “intercept” means the aural or other acquisition of the contents of any wire, electronic, or oral communication through the use of any electronic, mechanical, or other device.1 So in original. The period probably should be a semicolon.
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-28 · Read the full section at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 2,382 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2026
Leading cases: Forsyth v. Barr (Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 1994, 19 F.3d 1527) · Nixon v. Administrator of General Services (Supreme Court of the United States 1977, 433 U.S. 425) · Gannett Co. v. DePasquale (Supreme Court of the United States 1979, 443 U.S. 368)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: US Recording Laws by State (2026): All 50 States Explained, District of Columbia Recording Laws (2026): One-Party Consent Rules, Kentucky Phone Call Recording Laws: What You Need to Know
§ 2511Interception and disclosure of wire, oral, or electronic communications prohibitedIn forcecited in 397 of our articles
Except as otherwise specifically provided in this chapter any person who— intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept, or procures any other person to intercept or endeavor to intercept, any wire, oral, or electronic communication; intentionally uses, endeavors to use, or procures any other person to use or endeavor to use any electronic, mechanical, or other device to intercept any oral communication when— such device is affixed to, or otherwise transmits a signal through, a wire, cable, or other like connection used in wire communication; or such device transmits communications by radio, or interferes with the transmission of such communication; or such person knows, or has reason to know, that such device or any component thereof has been sent through the mail or transported in interstate or foreign commerce; or such use or endeavor to use (A) takes place on the premises of any business or other commercial establishment the operations of which affect interstate or foreign commerce; or (B) obtains or is for the purpose of obtaining information relating to the operations of any business or other commercial establishment the operations of which affect interstate or foreign…
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-08-12 · Read the full section at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 2,045 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2026
Leading cases: Mitchell v. Forsyth (Supreme Court of the United States 1985, 472 U.S. 511) · United States v. United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan (Supreme Court of the United States 1972, 407 U.S. 297) · Forsyth v. Barr (Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 1994, 19 F.3d 1527)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Alabama Audio Recording Laws: Consent Rules and Penalties, Alabama Dashcam Laws: Legality, Mounting Rules, and Evidence Use, Alabama Medical Recording Laws: Patient Rights and HIPAA Rules
Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses)
§ 2709.1StalkingIn forcecited in 5 of our articles
(a) Offense defined.--A person commits the crime of stalking when the person either: (1) engages in a course of conduct or repeatedly commits acts toward another person, including following the person without proper authority, under circumstances which demonstrate either an intent to place such other person in reasonable fear of bodily injury or to cause substantial emotional distress to such other person; or (2) engages in a course of conduct or repeatedly communicates to another person under circumstances which demonstrate or communicate either an intent to place such other person in reasonable fear of bodily injury or to cause substantial emotional distress to such other person. (b) Venue.-- (1) An offense committed under this section may be deemed to have been committed at either the place at which the communication or communications were made or at the place where the communication or communications were received. (2) Acts indicating a course of conduct which occur in more than one jurisdiction may be used by any other jurisdiction in which an act occurred as evidence of a continuing pattern of conduct or a course of conduct.
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at palegis.us
Cited in 92 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2026
Leading cases: Com. v. Faison, W. (Superior Court of Pennsylvania 2023, 297 A.3d 810) · Ake v. Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, State Board of Accountancy (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania 2009, 974 A.2d 514) · Commonwealth v. Bortz (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 2006, 589 Pa. 431)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Pennsylvania GPS Tracking Laws: Is It Legal to Put a Tracker on a Car? (2026), Pennsylvania Surveillance Camera Laws (2026 Guide)
§ 5703Interception, disclosure or use of wire, electronic or oral communicationsIn forcecited in 37 of our articles
Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, a person is guilty of a felony of the third degree if he: (1) intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept, or procures any other person to intercept or endeavor to intercept any wire, electronic or oral communication; (2) intentionally discloses or endeavors to disclose to any other person the contents of any wire, electronic or oral communication, or evidence derived therefrom, knowing or having reason to know that the information was obtained through the interception of a wire, electronic or oral communication; or (3) intentionally uses or endeavors to use the contents of any wire, electronic or oral communication, or evidence derived therefrom, knowing or having reason to know, that the information was obtained through the interception of a wire, electronic or oral communication.
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at palegis.us
Cited in 121 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2026
Leading cases: Commonwealth v. Schaeffer (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1987, 370 Pa. Super. 179) · Commonwealth v. Bennett (Superior Court of Pennsylvania 1976, 245 Pa. Super. 457) · Commonwealth v. Brachbill (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1989, 520 Pa. 533)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Pennsylvania Recording Laws (2026): All-Party Consent Rules, Pennsylvania Dashcam Laws: Mounting Rules, Audio Recording, and Evidence (2026), Pennsylvania Landlord-Tenant Recording and Surveillance Laws (2026)
§ 5725Civil action for unlawful interception, disclosure or use of wire, electronic or oral communicationIn forcecited in 14 of our articles
(a) Cause of action.--Any person whose wire, electronic or oral communication is intercepted, disclosed or used in violation of this chapter shall have a civil cause of action against any person who intercepts, discloses or uses or procures any other person to intercept, disclose or use, such communication; and shall be entitled to recover from any such person: (1) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages computed at the rate of $100 a day for each day of violation, or $1,000, whichever is higher. (2) Punitive damages. (3) A reasonable attorney's fee and other litigation costs reasonably incurred. (b) Waiver of sovereign immunity.--To the extent that the Commonwealth and any of its officers, officials or employees would be shielded from liability under this section by the doctrine of sovereign immunity, such immunity is hereby waived for the purposes of this section. (c) Defense.--It is a defense to an action brought pursuant to subsection (a) that the actor acted in good faith reliance on a court order or the provisions of this chapter.
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at palegis.us
Cited in 54 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2025
Leading cases: Agnew v. Dupler (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1998, 553 Pa. 33) · McCulligan v. Pennsylvania State Police (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania 2015, 123 A.3d 1136) · Keppley v. School District of Twin Valley (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania 2005, 866 A.2d 1165)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Pennsylvania Smart Glasses Recording Laws (2026), Pennsylvania Ring Doorbell Laws: What You Need to Know in 2026
§ 5761Mobile tracking devicesIn forcecited in 3 of our articles
(a) Authority to issue.--Orders for the installation and use of mobile tracking devices may be issued by a court of common pleas. (b) Jurisdiction.--Orders permitted by this section may authorize the use of mobile tracking devices if the device is installed and monitored within this Commonwealth. The court issuing the order must have jurisdiction over the offense under investigation. (c) Standard for issuance of order.--An order authorizing the use of one or more mobile tracking devices may be issued to an investigative or law enforcement officer by the court of common pleas upon written application. Each application shall be by written affidavit, signed and sworn to or affirmed before the court of common pleas.
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at palegis.us
Cited in 6 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2024
Leading cases: Commonwealth v. Burgos (Superior Court of Pennsylvania 2013, 2013 Pa. Super. 26) · Commonwealth v. Bart (Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, Lycoming County 1991, 13 Pa. D. & C.4th 670) · Commonwealth v. Pacheco, D., Aplt. (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 2021)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
§ 7507.1Invasion of privacyIn forcecited in 23 of our articles
(a) Offense defined.--Except as set forth in subsection (d), a person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he, for the purpose of arousing or gratifying the sexual desire of any person, knowingly does any of the following: (1) Views, photographs, videotapes, electronically depicts, films or otherwise records another person without that person's knowledge and consent while that person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where that person would have a reasonable expectation of privacy. (2) Photographs, videotapes, electronically depicts, films or otherwise records or personally views the intimate parts, whether or not covered by clothing, of another person without that person's knowledge and consent and which intimate parts that person does not intend to be visible by normal public observation. (3) Transfers or transmits an image obtained in violation of paragraph (1) or (2) by live or recorded telephone message, electronic mail or the Internet or by any other transfer of the medium on which the image is stored.
Official text (excerpt) · as of 2026-07-29 · Read the full section at palegis.us
Cited in 29 court opinionsMost recently applied by a court: 2026
Leading cases: Commonwealth v. Muniz, J., Aplt. (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 2017, 164 A.3d 1189) · Com. v. Dinell, Z. (Superior Court of Pennsylvania 2022, 270 A.3d 530) · Commonwealth, Aplt v. Kingston, S. (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 2016, 636 Pa. 438)
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Pennsylvania Laws on Recording in Public: What Is Legal (2026), Pennsylvania School Recording Laws: Students, Teachers, and Campus Rules (2026), Pennsylvania Security Camera and Surveillance Laws: Home and Business Rules (2026)
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Sources and References
- 18 Pa.C.S. section 5703, Interception, disclosure or use of wire, electronic or oral communications(palegis.us).gov
- 18 U.S.C. section 2510(5)(a), business-extension exemption for equipment used in the ordinary course of business(law.cornell.edu).gov
- Watkins v. L.M. Berry & Co., 704 F.2d 577 (11th Cir. 1983)(law.resource.org)
- 18 Pa.C.S. section 7507.1, Invasion of privacy (video voyeurism)(palegis.us).gov
- House Bill 407, Regular Session 2025-2026, Pennsylvania General Assembly (tracking-device stalking bill)(palegis.us).gov
- House Bill 2332, Regular Session 2011-2012, Pennsylvania General Assembly, 'Social Media Privacy Protection Act' (never enacted)(palegis.us).gov
- Popa v. Harriet Carter Gifts, Inc., No. 21-2203 (3d Cir.)(courtlistener.com)
- House Bill 78, Regular Session 2025-2026, Pennsylvania General Assembly (Consumer Data Privacy Act, pending)(palegis.us).gov
- 18 U.S.C. section 2511, Interception and disclosure of wire, oral, or electronic communications prohibited(uscode.house.gov).gov