Motorcycle Accident Laws in Maine (2026): Deadlines & Helmets

If you were hurt in a motorcycle crash in Maine, two rules will drive your case more than any others: the deadline to sue and the state's fault rule. Maine is unusual on both. It gives you a long six-year window to file a personal injury suit, but it uses a strict comparative-negligence rule under which being found equally at fault with the other driver bars your recovery entirely. That six-year window does not apply when the defendant is a government body, such as a police cruiser, a town plow, or a transit bus, where a two-year deadline and a much earlier written notice requirement control instead. Maine also requires helmets only for younger and newer riders. This guide explains how those rules apply to riders. It is general legal information and attorney advertising, not legal advice.

The deadline to sue in Maine is six years

Maine sets one of the most generous personal injury deadlines in the country. Under 14 M.R.S. section 752, most civil actions, including a motorcycle injury claim, must be filed within six years after the cause of action accrues. That is far longer than the two- or three-year windows used in most states, but it is still a hard cutoff, and waiting is rarely wise because evidence fades and witnesses move.

Section 752 applies "except as otherwise specially provided," and the most important exception for riders is a crash involving a government defendant. If the other vehicle was a police cruiser, a town plow, a school bus, a transit bus, or another public vehicle, or if your claim is against a state or municipal road authority, the Maine Tort Claims Act controls. Under 14 M.R.S. section 8110, a claim against a governmental entity or its employees is forever barred unless suit is begun within two years after the cause of action accrues, and under 14 M.R.S. section 8107 a written notice of claim must be filed within 365 days after the claim accrues, absent good cause. Damages in those cases are also capped at $400,000 for all claims arising out of a single occurrence under 14 M.R.S. section 8105. A rider who relies on the six-year rule against a government defendant can lose the claim outright, so identify who owned the other vehicle early.

A wrongful death claim is different and much shorter. Under 18-C M.R.S. section 2-807, a wrongful death action must be commenced within three years after the decedent's death, with a longer window only in limited circumstances such as a death resulting from homicide. Because the rules differ, anyone handling a fatal crash should confirm the applicable deadline with a Maine attorney promptly.

Maine's fault rule can bar recovery at equal fault

Maine follows a comparative-negligence rule with an unusual twist. Under 14 M.R.S. section 156, if a claimant is found by the jury to be equally at fault with the defendant, the claimant may not recover at all. In most modified-comparative states the bar falls at 50 percent or 51 percent; Maine's rule effectively bars recovery once a rider's fault reaches the same level as the other party. Below that point, the jury reduces the total damages to the extent it considers just and equitable, reducing by dollars rather than by a strict percentage.

This matters for motorcyclists because insurers often try to push a rider's share of fault up toward the equal-fault line, sometimes leaning on stereotypes about speed or risk-taking. Careful documentation of how the crash happened is the rider's best protection.

Maine's helmet law covers younger and newer riders

Maine has a partial helmet law rather than a universal one. Under 29-A M.R.S. section 2083, protective headgear is required for operators and passengers under 18, for an operator riding on a learner's permit, and for an operator within one year of passing the license test, along with the passengers of those required riders. Other adult riders may legally ride without a helmet.

Because some adults may ride lawfully without a helmet, the question of whether a rider's failure to wear one can be used against them can arise here. Maine has no statute that bars a defendant from raising helmet non-use, and where evidence shows a helmet would have prevented or reduced an injury, that argument may be made through the comparative-fault and mitigation rules. Wearing a helmet protects both your safety and your claim, even where the law does not require it.

Lane splitting is not permitted in Maine

Maine does not authorize lane splitting or lane filtering. Under 29-A M.R.S. section 2062, a person may not operate a motorcycle between lanes of traffic or between adjacent lines or rows of vehicles. Because the practice is not legal, a crash that happened while a rider was splitting lanes can be used to assign fault to the rider, which under Maine's equal-fault rule could reduce or even bar recovery.

No-fault insurance and motorcycles

Maine is an at-fault, or tort, state. It does not use a no-fault (PIP) system, so an injured rider generally recovers from the at-fault driver and that driver's liability insurance. Maine does require a small amount of medical payments coverage, at least $2,000 per person under 29-A M.R.S. section 1605-A, which pays initial medical costs regardless of fault but is modest. Maine's minimum liability limits are among the higher ones nationally, at $50,000 for bodily injury per person, $100,000 per accident, and $25,000 for property damage, per the Maine Bureau of Insurance, and Maine also requires uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage, which can be important for a seriously hurt rider.

Damage caps in Maine

Maine does not cap compensatory damages in an ordinary personal injury case, so medical bills, lost wages, and pain and suffering are not subject to a general statutory ceiling. Maine's wrongful death statute does cap certain categories of damages, including limits on loss-of-comfort and punitive awards, so those rules can apply in a fatal-crash case. A separate cap applies when the defendant is a governmental entity or its employee, where 14 M.R.S. section 8105 limits the total award, including costs, to $400,000 for any and all claims arising out of a single occurrence. A Maine attorney can explain whether any cap touches your specific claim.

Why motorcycle cases are different and how to evaluate yours

Motorcycle crashes tend to cause severe injuries because a rider has little protection, which means higher medical costs and larger potential claims, and also a tougher insurance defense. The classic crash is a car turning left across an oncoming rider's path, often with the driver claiming they never saw the motorcycle. Riders also face documented bias among some adjusters and jurors, which is one more reason careful documentation matters, especially under Maine's equal-fault rule.

If you or a family member was hurt, get medical care and keep the records, obtain the crash report, photograph the scene, the bike, and your gear, and save your helmet and riding gear. Then speak promptly with a licensed Maine attorney, both because of the filing deadlines and because early evidence can be decisive. Most motorcycle accident attorneys offer a free consultation and work on a contingency basis, meaning no upfront fee and payment only out of any recovery. No outcome can be promised, and this article is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship.