AccessNI Check Explained: Levels, Fees and Eligibility
AccessNI, not the DBS, runs Northern Ireland's criminal record checks. Compare Basic, Standard and Enhanced levels, fees, eligibility and filtering rules.
7 min read
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United Kingdom Laws
188 articles · page 1 of 4
Adverse Possession UK: Squatters' Rights Explained
How adverse possession works in the UK: the 10-year notify-and-object rule for registered land, the 12-year rule for unregistered land, and Scotland's different system.
11 min read
Assured Shorthold Tenancy (AST): What Changed in 2026
What an assured shorthold tenancy (AST) was, and how the Renters' Rights Act 2025 converted every AST into a periodic assured tenancy from 1 May 2026.
8 min read
Attachment of Earnings & Wage Arrestment UK Explained
Wage garnishment is a US term. UK equivalents: attachment of earnings orders (England & Wales), earnings arrestment (Scotland), and EJO orders (NI).
10 min read
Bailiffs' Rights: What They Can and Cannot Do (UK)
Bailiffs' rights explained per nation: England and Wales's new 14-day enforcement notice, Scotland's sheriff officers, and Northern Ireland's EJO.
9 min read
Being Arrested in the UK: Your Rights in Police Custody
Your rights if arrested in the UK: free legal advice, having someone informed, and the detention time limits in England and Wales, Scotland, and NI.
7 min read
Boundary Disputes UK: General and Determined Boundaries
Why your UK title plan is only a general boundary, how to apply for a determined boundary, and how the First-tier Tribunal resolves a genuine objection.
7 min read
CCJ Removal: How to Cancel or Set Aside a CCJ
How to remove a CCJ in England and Wales: pay within a month to cancel it, or apply to set it aside. Beware firms charging fees for guaranteed CCJ removal.
9 min read
CCTV, Ring Doorbells & Your Neighbours: UK Law
When home CCTV or a Ring doorbell captures a neighbour's garden or the street, UK GDPR applies. What Fairhurst v Woodard decided and how to stay compliant.
8 min read
Chargeback: Getting Your Money Back on a Card Payment
Chargeback lets you ask your bank to reverse a card payment gone wrong, debit or credit. How it works, the 120-day limit, and how it differs from s.75.
8 min read
Check Your Driving Licence Points: DVLA & DVA Guide
Check your driving licence points free via DVLA (Great Britain) or DVA/nidirect (Northern Ireland), and how to share a check code with someone else.
7 min read
Child Arrangements Order Explained (England & Wales)
What a child arrangements order covers, the welfare checklist, the MIAM mediation requirement, and how Scotland's residence and contact orders differ.
7 min read
Child Maintenance (CMS): How the UK Rates Are Worked Out
How the Child Maintenance Service works out child maintenance: gross income, the five rate bands, Direct Pay vs Collect and Pay, shared care and fees.
9 min read
Citizen's Arrest in the UK: Powers, Limits and Real Risk
Citizen's arrest under PACE 1984, s.24A in England and Wales, Article 26A in Northern Ireland, and Scotland's common law rule, plus the risk of getting it wrong.
8 min read
Cohabiting Couples' Rights in the UK
Cohabiting couples have very limited rights in England, Wales and Northern Ireland; Scotland is different. What unmarried partners can and cannot claim.
8 min read
Common Law Marriage in the UK: The Myth Explained
There is no such thing as common law marriage in the UK. Learn what rights unmarried partners actually have, and why Scotland is different.
8 min read
Confirmation in Scotland: The Scottish Probate Process
How Confirmation works in Scotland: executor-nominate vs executor-dative, the £36,000 small estate procedure, and what it lets you do.
7 min read
Constructive Dismissal: Fundamental Breach and Risks
Constructive dismissal explained: the fundamental breach test, resign-and-claim risks, qualifying period, and UK employment tribunal time limits.
9 min read
Consumer Rights Act 2015: Your Rights Explained
Your rights under the Consumer Rights Act 2015: satisfactory quality, the 30-day right to reject, repair or replace, and the 6-month proof rule explained.
9 min read
Contesting a Will in England and Wales: Grounds and Limits
How to contest a will in England and Wales: validity grounds, the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975, and the six-month time limit.
8 min read
Council Tax Liability: Who Actually Has to Pay (and NI Rates)
Who is legally liable for council tax under the s.6 hierarchy, joint and several liability rules, council tax bands, and why Northern Ireland uses domestic rates instead.
8 min read
Court of Appeal Reopens Laurence Fox Libel Fight, Reshaping the 'Serious Harm' Test in English Defamation Law
In Blake v Fox [2025] EWCA Civ 1321, England's Court of Appeal revived Laurence Fox's libel counterclaim, finding the trial judge misapplied the serious harm test.
6 min read
Covert Recordings as Evidence in UK Courts
Making a private recording in the UK is usually lawful, but using a covert recording as evidence is at the court's discretion in family and civil cases.
6 min read
Criminal Legal Aid Eligibility: The Merits and Means Tests Explained
How the interests-of-justice (Widgery) test and the means test decide criminal legal aid eligibility in England and Wales, plus the separate Scotland and Northern Ireland systems.
8 min read
Criminal Record Check UK: Which System Do You Need?
UK criminal record checks depend on nation: DBS (England & Wales), Disclosure Scotland/PVG, or AccessNI (Northern Ireland). Compare all three systems here.
10 min read
Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 Explained: Banned Types, s.3 & Destruction Orders
The Dangerous Dogs Act 1991: prohibited types, the dangerously-out-of-control offence, aggravated penalties, destruction orders, and the dog-on-dog route.
9 min read
Dartford Crossing Fine: Dart Charge and PCN Rules Explained
How the Dart Charge works, what a car costs to cross the Dartford Crossing, and the PCN fines (£35 to £105) if you miss the payment deadline.
7 min read
Dash Cam Laws UK: Are They Legal? Evidence & GDPR
Are dash cams legal in the UK? Yes. How footage becomes police evidence via Operation Snap, when UK GDPR applies, and the rules for mounting one.
8 min read
Data Breach Compensation UK: What You Can Actually Claim
Data breach compensation in the UK is claimed through the courts under Article 82 UK GDPR, not paid by the ICO. What Lloyd v Google means for your claim.
9 min read
DBS Check: Levels, Fees, Eligibility & Filtering (UK)
DBS check explained: Basic, Standard, Enhanced and barred-list levels, current fees, who can apply, and what filtering means for your record.
11 min read
Debt Collection Laws UK: Your Rights Explained
Your rights under UK debt collection law: FCA rules, harassment offences, proving the debt under the CCA 1974, and what collectors cannot do.
9 min read
Deed of Variation Explained: Redirecting an Inheritance
How a deed of variation lets a beneficiary redirect an inheritance within 2 years of death, meeting the Inheritance Tax and Capital Gains Tax conditions.
9 min read
Defamation Explained: Libel, Slander and the Serious Harm Threshold
Libel vs slander, what a claimant must prove, the s.1 serious harm threshold, Lachaux v Independent Print, and how Northern Ireland diverges in three ways.
9 min read
Deputyship and the Court of Protection Explained
How deputyship works when there is no LPA: property and welfare deputies, Court of Protection fees, OPG supervision, and Scotland/NI alternatives.
10 min read
Disclosure Scotland & PVG Scheme: Levels 1 & 2
How Disclosure Scotland's Level 1 and Level 2 checks and the PVG Scheme work, including fees, eligibility and the move to 5-year PVG membership.
10 min read
Divorce in Scotland: Grounds and Procedure
How divorce works in Scotland: the four grounds for breakdown, the simplified DIY procedure, which court to use, and fair sharing of matrimonial property.
7 min read
Divorce Process in England and Wales
How the no-fault divorce process works in England and Wales: application, the 20-week and 6-week waits, conditional order, final order, and costs.
6 min read
Do I Need a TV Licence? UK Rules Explained
Do you need a TV licence? The rules for live TV, BBC iPlayer and streaming services, the 2026 fee of £180, household rules and who gets a discount.
6 min read
Drink Driving Limit UK: England, Wales, Scotland, NI
The UK drink drive limit is 80mg per 100ml blood in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, but only 50mg in Scotland. Breath and urine limits explained.
6 min read
Driving Without Insurance: Fines, Points and Seizure
Driving without insurance in the UK: the £300/6-point fixed penalty, unlimited court fines, vehicle seizure, Continuous Insurance Enforcement and SORN.
7 min read
Dying Without a Will in Scotland: Intestacy Rules
How intestacy works in Scotland: prior rights, forced-heirship legal rights over the moveable estate, and the free estate, with the exact figures.
9 min read
E-Scooter Laws in England 2026: Trials, Rules and Penalties
England is the only UK nation running live rental e-scooter trials. What SI 2020/663 actually allows, who can ride, where, and the penalties for private use.
10 min read
E-Scooter Laws in London 2026: TfL Trial Rules, Boroughs and Penalties
London's e-scooter rules explained: the 11 TfL trial boroughs, the 12.5 mph speed cap and 18+ age rule, the Tube carriage ban, and penalties for private use.
9 min read
E-Scooter Laws in Scotland: Legal Status and Penalties (2026)
Private e-scooters are illegal on Scottish public land and no rental trial has ever launched. See the legal position, Police Scotland enforcement data, and penalties.
11 min read
Employment Tribunal Time Limits: 3 Months Less a Day
UK employment tribunal time limits: 3 months less a day for most claims, 6 months for redundancy and equal pay, and how ACAS pauses the clock.
10 min read
Employment Tribunal: Process, Time Limits, No Fees
How the UK employment tribunal works: ACAS early conciliation, the 3-months-less-a-day time limit, no fees, and possible outcomes.
9 min read
Energy Back-Billing Rules: The 12-Month Rule Explained
Ofgem's back-billing rule stops energy suppliers charging you for gas or electricity used over 12 months ago due to their own billing error.
7 min read
England E-Scooter Trial Areas: Every Rental Zone Listed (2026)
Every area where England runs a live rental e-scooter trial, per the Department for Transport's own guidance, with confirmed operators where verified and the 2028 end date.
12 min read
Eviction in Northern Ireland: Notice to Quit Rules
How Notice to Quit works for private tenants in Northern Ireland: current notice periods, what is proposed but not yet in force, and the court process.
8 min read
Eviction in Scotland: Notice to Leave & Tribunal Rules
How eviction works in Scotland: the Notice to Leave, discretionary grounds, First-tier Tribunal process, and notice periods under the 2016 and 2025 Acts.
8 min read
Eviction in Wales: Section 173 Notice Rules
How eviction works in Wales: the Section 173 no-fault notice, six-month notice period, occupation contracts, and contract-holder protections.
7 min read
Eviction Process in England: Section 8 to Bailiffs (2026)
How eviction works in England since Section 21's abolition: the Section 8 notice, County Court possession order, and bailiff enforcement.
10 min read
Executor Duties: What an Executor of a Will Must Do
What an executor in England and Wales must do, in order: value the estate, pay Inheritance Tax, get probate, and distribute it, plus when they risk personal liability.
10 min read
Faulty Goods Refund Rights UK: 30-Day Rule Guide
Faulty item? Learn your UK refund rights under the Consumer Rights Act 2015: the 30-day full refund, repair or replacement, and final right to reject.
8 min read
Faulty Used Car Rights UK: Dealer vs Private Sale
UK used car rights: dealers must meet the Consumer Rights Act 2015 in full, but private sales are buyer beware. How to reject or claim a refund.
10 min read
Fence and Boundary Law: Who Really Owns It in the UK?
Why the 'you own the left fence' rule is a myth, how T marks and title deeds actually decide ownership, and UK fence height rules without planning permission.
7 min read
Filming the Police in Public: UK Law Explained
Filming police and photography in public is legal in the UK. What College of Policing guidance, obstruction, and terrorism stop powers actually allow.
7 min read
Financial Settlement on Divorce (England & Wales)
How courts decide financial settlements on divorce in England and Wales under section 25 of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973: no formula, just factors.
7 min read
Fixed Penalty Notices and PNDs Explained: Not a Conviction, Not a Caution
How Penalty Notices for Disorder work under the Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001, how they differ from a caution, and whether they show on a DBS check.
8 min read
Flexible Working Requests: Day-One Right (2024)
Since 6 April 2024, flexible working requests are a day-one right: 2 requests a year, employer decision in 2 months, refusal limited to 8 grounds.
7 min read