Tunisia Defamation Laws: Civil, Criminal & Defences
In Tunisia defamation is civil and criminal. The Penal Code, the 2011 Press Decree, and Decree-Law 54 of 2022 penalise defamatory and false speech.
7 min read
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World Laws
264 articles · page 5 of 5
Tunisia E-Scooter Laws: No Framework, No Fines Yet (2026)
Tunisia has no dedicated e-scooter law and, per local reporting, no financial penalty framework at all for riders, leaving even informal safety norms unenforceable.
5 min read
Turkey Defamation Laws: Civil, Criminal & Defences
In Turkey defamation is criminal and civil. Penal Code Article 125 punishes insult, Article 299 covers insulting the President; Civil Code allows damages.
8 min read
Turkey E-Scooter Laws: No Helmet Mandate, 25 km/h Cap (2026)
Turkey caps e-scooters at 25 km/h and bars operators from renting to riders under 15, but its regulation sets no statutory helmet mandate despite common assumptions otherwise.
6 min read
UAE Defamation Laws: Criminal, Cyber & Civil
Defamation in the UAE is mainly criminal under the Penal Code (Decree-Law 31/2021) and Cybercrime Law (Decree-Law 34/2021); civil claims also possible.
7 min read
UAE E-Scooter Laws: Dubai's Permits vs. Ajman's Total Ban (2026)
The UAE has no single federal e-scooter law: Dubai runs a permit-zone system, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah restrict riding to designated tracks, and Ajman bans street riding outright.
7 min read
Uganda E-Scooter Laws: No Category, Vehicle Rules Apply (2026)
Uganda's Traffic and Road Safety Act has no e-scooter category, but its broad vehicle definitions technically sweep scooters into the same rules that apply to motorcycles.
5 min read
UK AI Copyright Laws: CDPA s.9(3) and What It Covers
The UK's CDPA s.9(3) can give AI-generated works 50-year copyright, but the originality standard and a stalled TDM reform leave the law unsettled in 2026.
8 min read
UK Law by Nation: England, Wales, Scotland & NI
How UK law differs across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, with citation-backed guides to renting, employment, wills, family, driving and more.
11 min read
Ukraine Defamation Laws: Civil Liability & Defences
In Ukraine defamation is a civil matter only, decriminalised in 2001 and now governed by the Civil Code (Articles 277, 297, 299), not the Criminal Code.
8 min read
Ukraine E-Scooter Laws: No Dedicated Category, Moped Fallback (2026)
Ukraine's Rules of the Road have no dedicated e-scooter category, folding devices into the existing moped definition instead, which caps electric motors at 4kW.
7 min read
Uruguay Defamation Laws: Civil & Criminal
Defamation in Uruguay is civil and criminal under Penal Code arts 333-334, but Law 18.515 (2009) protects public-interest speech.
7 min read
Uruguay E-Scooter Laws: One Rulebook, 19 Departments, "Zero Control" (2026)
Uruguay coordinates e-scooter rules through a 2020 circular each department adopts, setting a 25 km/h cap and age 16 minimum, though Montevideo admits near-zero enforcement.
5 min read
Uzbekistan E-Scooter Laws: 20 km/h Cap, No Licence, Under-14 Ban
Uzbekistan's 2024 Cabinet resolution caps e-scooters at 10 km/h on sidewalks and 20 km/h on the road, requires no driver's licence, and bans riders under 14.
6 min read
Vanuatu E-Scooter Laws: Electrical Power Named in the Act (2026)
Vanuatu names electrical power directly in its motor vehicle definition, meaning an e-scooter triggers registration, a driving licence, and compulsory insurance.
5 min read
Venezuela Defamation Laws: Civil & Criminal
Defamation in Venezuela is civil and criminal: Penal Code arts 442-446 punish difamacion and injuria with prison and fines, plus civil damages.
7 min read
Venezuela E-Scooter Laws: Swept In as a Motorcycle Under the 1998 Reglamento (2026)
Venezuela has no dedicated e-scooter law. Its 1998 regulation classifies any motor-equipped scooter as a motorcycle, requiring registration, plates, and insurance.
7 min read
Vietnam Defamation Laws: Civil & Criminal
Defamation in Vietnam is both civil (Civil Code art. 34) and criminal (Penal Code arts. 155-156, plus art. 331), including online speech.
7 min read
Vietnam E-Scooter Laws: Mopeds Regulated, True Scooters in a Gap (2026)
Vietnam's 2025 traffic law licenses electric mopeds but does not recognize stand-up e-scooters as vehicles at all. See the rules, fines, and the drafting gap.
4 min read
Western Sahara E-Scooter Laws: No Framework Either Side of the Line (2026)
No e-scooter law applies in Western Sahara. The Moroccan-administered majority follows Morocco's own regulatory gap, and the rest has no documented traffic law.
6 min read
World Defamation Laws by Country
Defamation laws by country: where libel and slander are civil, where they are criminal, plus penalties, defences and how to sue, across 80+ countries.
5 min read
Zambia E-Scooter Laws: The 2022 Statutory 'Scooter' Definition (2026)
Zambia's 2022 amendment added a standalone statutory definition of scooter, though it reads more like a step-through moped than a stand-up kick-scooter.
7 min read
Zimbabwe Defamation Laws: Civil Claims & Defences
Defamation in Zimbabwe is now civil only: criminal defamation was ruled unconstitutional in Madanhire v AG (2014) and confirmed void in 2016.
7 min read
Zimbabwe E-Scooter Laws: Old Statute, Live Enforcement Risk (2026)
Zimbabwe's 1970s vehicle law defines "motor vehicle" broadly enough to include e-scooters, and police are already impounding a closely related device.
6 min read