Maryland E-Scooter Laws: Sidewalk, Helmet & Age Rules (2026)

This article is general information about Maryland e-scooter law and is not legal advice. If you were cited or injured, a Maryland-licensed attorney or the Maryland General Assembly's own statute text at mgaleg.maryland.gov can give you a current, situation-specific answer. Information last verified on 23 July 2026.

Are e-scooters legal in Maryland?

Yes. Maryland's Transportation Article treats an "electric low speed scooter" as a type of bicycle rather than a motor vehicle, motorized minibike, or motor scooter. That classification matters, because it means e-scooters generally follow Maryland's bicycle rules rather than a separate, more restrictive vehicle framework. See the e-scooter laws hub for how that compares to states that leave e-scooters unregulated or treat them as a motor vehicle.

What counts as an e-scooter in Maryland

An "electric low speed scooter" is a device designed to carry only the operator, with handlebars and a stand-on platform, weighing less than 100 pounds, and solely powered by an electric motor and human power, capable of operating at a speed of up to 20 mph. A standard stand-up rental or personal e-scooter fits this definition. Maryland regulates a separate, heavier self-balancing device category, the EPAMD (electric personal assistive mobility device, the Segway-style type), under its own rules, including a lower 15 mph speed cap and roadway restrictions near sidewalks or on roads posted above 30 mph. Don't confuse the two categories when reading Maryland scooter guidance.

Where you can ride

As of October 1, 2025, Maryland's "Jay's Law" (House Bill 375, Chapter 558 of the 2025 legislative session) flipped the state's sidewalk default: bicycles, play vehicles, and unicycles may now use sidewalks statewide unless a local ordinance specifically prohibits it, reversing the older default position. Because Maryland classifies an electric low speed scooter as a bicycle, this sidewalk-default flip extends to e-scooters as well. Riders on a sidewalk must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians and to EPAMD users.

That statewide default doesn't override a stricter local rule. Baltimore, for example, bans sidewalk riding for e-scooters specifically unless the adjacent street's posted speed limit is 30 mph or higher and the rider keeps the scooter at 6 mph or under on the sidewalk, a narrower exception than the statewide bicycle default alone would suggest. Always check whether the city you're riding in has adopted its own rule before assuming the statewide default is the last word.

Rider rules

Age: no statewide minimum age to operate an electric low speed scooter was found in Maryland law.

Helmet: required statewide for any rider under 16 operating a scooter, in-line skates, or a similar device on a highway, bikeway, sidewalk, or public property. This is enforced primarily through warnings and educational materials rather than a routine fine.

License/registration: none required, consistent with the bicycle classification.

Penalties

Maryland's e-scooter rules are largely enforced as bicycle-equivalent traffic rules rather than through a separate motor-vehicle penalty schedule, given the statutory classification. Locally, Baltimore's ordinance sets its own city-level violations for e-scooter-specific rules such as its 15 mph cap and sidewalk restriction.

Enforcement in practice

No statewide Maryland enforcement statistics specific to e-scooters were documented in the research behind this article. Enforcement patterns do not change what the law requires, and a location where enforcement is inconsistent is not a form of permission to ignore the sidewalk, speed, or helmet rules described above.

Baltimore e-scooter rules

Baltimore City Code section 38-18 sets a dedicated set of e-scooter rules that go further than the state framework alone. E-scooters are capped at 15 mph, compared to 20 mph for e-bikes. Riders under 16 must wear a helmet. A headlight is required after dusk and before dawn. Sidewalk riding is banned unless the adjacent street's posted speed limit is at least 30 mph and the scooter's sidewalk speed stays at 6 mph or under. Unauthorized passengers aren't allowed, riders must use bike facilities or the right side of the lane where available, and parked scooters can't block sidewalks, bus stops, driveways, or doorways.

If you're involved in a collision while riding, or a scooter rider is involved in one with you, in Baltimore or elsewhere in the state, Maryland car accident laws covers the general fault and insurance framework, and Maryland DUI laws explains how the state's impaired-operation rules apply more broadly.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I ride an e-scooter on the sidewalk in Maryland?

Generally yes, as of October 1, 2025, under Jay's Law, unless a local ordinance says otherwise. Baltimore, for example, only allows sidewalk riding under specific speed conditions.

Do I need a helmet to ride an e-scooter in Maryland?

Only if you're under 16. Maryland requires a helmet statewide for riders under 16, with no mandate for adults.

How old do you have to be to ride an e-scooter in Maryland?

Maryland has no statewide minimum age to operate an electric low speed scooter.

What is Jay's Law?

Jay's Law, House Bill 375 (Chapter 558 of 2025), flips Maryland's sidewalk default so bicycles, play vehicles, and unicycles, including e-scooters through their bicycle classification, may use sidewalks statewide unless a local ordinance prohibits it. It took effect October 1, 2025.

Is an e-scooter the same as an EPAMD in Maryland?

No. Maryland regulates electric low speed scooters and EPAMDs (Segway-style self-balancing devices) as separate categories with different speed caps and roadway rules.

Do I need a license to ride an e-scooter in Maryland?

No. An electric low speed scooter is classified as a bicycle under Maryland law, with no license or registration requirement.

Are Baltimore's e-scooter rules different from the state's?

Yes. Baltimore caps e-scooters at 15 mph, requires a helmet under 16, and only allows sidewalk riding under specific speed conditions, on top of the statewide framework.

What's the fine for an e-scooter violation in Maryland?

Maryland doesn't publish a single statewide e-scooter fine. E-scooters are generally enforced under bicycle-equivalent traffic rules, and cities like Baltimore set their own local violations for city-specific rules.