Iowa
Iowa Minimum Wage 2026: $7.25 Per Hour, Tips and Local Limits
Independently fact-checked against primary sources (last audited September 30, 2026). · 18 primary sources cited on this page. How we verify our legal content

Iowa's minimum wage is $7.25 per hour under Iowa Code 91D.1, the same as the federal rate. The statute requires employers to pay the greater of $7.25 or the current federal minimum wage, so a future federal increase would raise Iowa's floor automatically for covered employers. Iowa law schedules no increase for January 1, 2027, and cities and counties cannot set a higher local minimum.
Information last verified on September 29, 2026. This article has not been reviewed by a licensed lawyer.
Jurisdiction scope: This page covers Iowa Code chapter 91D (the Iowa minimum wage law) and the federal FLSA overlay. It does not cover overtime detail, Iowa's wage payment rules or any other state.
Iowa's $7.25 rate
Iowa Code 91D.1(1)(a) sets the state hourly wage at $6.20 as of April 1, 2007 and $7.25 as of January 1, 2008. Under 91D.1(1)(b), an employer must pay the state hourly wage or the current federal minimum wage under 29 U.S.C. 206, whichever is greater. The federal rate has been $7.25 since July 24, 2009 (29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)(C)). The 2026 edition of chapter 91D, printed December 9, 2025, still states $7.25, and its history ends with 2023 Acts, chapter 19. Federal rules are on our federal minimum wage page.
Will Iowa's minimum wage change in 2027?
No change is scheduled. Chapter 91D contains no indexing and no future steps. Because of the "whichever is greater" language, a federal increase above $7.25 would raise the Iowa floor for covered employers on the federal effective date. Congress must pass a bill and the President must sign it for the federal rate to rise (DOL FAQ). The Iowa Legislature's list of Code sections amended in the 2026 session shows no change to chapter 91D.
Who the Iowa act covers
Iowa Code 91D.1(1)(b) applies the FLSA's definitions of employer and employee, as amended to January 1, 2007, and 91D.1(2)(a) applies the FLSA section 213 exemptions. It then excludes enterprises with annual gross volume of sales made or business done under $300,000. That exclusion does not apply to:
- Laundry, cleaning or repair of clothing or fabrics.
- Construction.
- Hospitals and institutions caring for the sick, aged or mentally ill.
- Schools for disabled or gifted children, preschools, elementary and secondary schools, and institutions of higher education.
- Public agencies.
Independent contractors as described in Iowa Code 85.61(12)(c)(3) are not employees, and a franchisor is generally not the employer of a franchisee or its employees (91D.1(3), (4)).
The FLSA separately covers employees of enterprises with at least $500,000 in annual sales or business done (29 U.S.C. 203(s)(1)(A)) and employees individually engaged in interstate commerce (29 U.S.C. 206(a)), and under 29 U.S.C. 218(a) the higher standard controls.
The first 90 days of employment
Iowa Code 91D.1(1)(d) says an employer is not required to pay the state hourly wage until the employee completes 90 calendar days of employment, but must pay at least $6.35 per hour, the statutory figure as of January 1, 2008. The statute states that figure without indexing. DIAL's rule counts the 90 days from the employee's first day of work (481 IAC 230.1(1)). The agency material reviewed for this page does not say how it interacts with the federal rate, and an employer covered by the FLSA remains subject to the federal minimum wage and its separate youth opportunity wage of $4.25 for the first 90 consecutive days for workers under 20 (29 U.S.C. 206(g)). Ask DIAL before relying on the $6.35 figure.
Tipped employees in Iowa
For employees of a restaurant, hotel, motel, inn or cabin who customarily and regularly receive more than $30 a month in tips, Iowa Code 91D.1(1)(c) lets the employer deem wages increased by tips by an amount the employer determines, not to exceed 40 percent of the applicable minimum wage. An employee who believes the tips are less than the amount determined may appeal in writing to the DIAL director.

The Iowa Department of Inspections, Appeals, and Licensing (DIAL) explains: "If you make $30 per month or more in tips, the employer may pay as little as $4.35 per hour. If in any work week the wage the employer pays you and the tips you receive do not average at least $7.25 per hour, the employer is required to pay the difference." The DOL tipped table shows the same: $7.25 combined, a 40 percent credit of $2.90 and a $4.35 cash wage. Federal law separately bars employers from keeping tips (29 U.S.C. 203(m)(2)(B)).
Local minimum wages
Iowa has none. Iowa Code 364.3(12)(a) provides that a city shall not adopt, enforce or administer an ordinance, motion, resolution or amendment providing for terms or conditions of employment that exceed or conflict with the requirements of federal or state law relating to a minimum or living wage rate, employment leave, hiring practices, employment benefits, scheduling practices or other terms. Section 331.304(12)(a) says the same for counties. City and county ordinances that violated these sections before March 30, 2017 are void and unenforceable on and after that date (364.3(12)(b), 331.304(12)(b)). Des Moines and Iowa City cannot set a higher minimum wage.

How to file a wage claim in Iowa
Iowa Code 91D.1(6) provides that the minimum wage section is enforced under chapter 91A, the Iowa Wage Payment Collection Law. DIAL's Wage and Child Labor unit accepts a wage claim only when:
- Less than one year (365 days) has passed since the wages were due.
- The amount owed is less than $6,500.
- All work was performed in Iowa.
File through DIAL's wage claim page. DIAL will not accept a complaint after one year from the date wages became due (Iowa Code 91A.10(1)). Under 91A.8, an employer that intentionally fails to pay wages is liable for the wages plus liquidated damages, court costs and attorney's fees; otherwise, for the wages, costs and fees. Iowa Code 91A.10(5) bars an employer from discharging or discriminating against an employee for filing a complaint, assigning a claim or bringing an action; a retaliation complaint must be filed with the DIAL director within 30 days after the violation. A worker who has not assigned the claim to DIAL may sue directly under 91A.8 (91A.10(3)), generally within two years (Iowa Code 614.1(8)).
For workers the FLSA covers, the U.S. Department of Labor's Wage and Hour Division takes complaints at 1-866-487-9243 and may not disclose a complainant's identity. An employer that violates the federal minimum wage owes the unpaid wages plus an equal amount as liquidated damages, and the worker may recover attorney's fees and costs (29 U.S.C. 216(b)). A federal suit generally must start within two years, or three years for a willful violation (29 U.S.C. 255(a)), and 29 U.S.C. 215(a)(3) bars retaliation for filing an FLSA complaint.
See also Iowa final paycheck laws, unpaid wages and the overtime calculator. Neighbouring Illinois and Wisconsin have their own minimum wage pages.
Disclaimer: This page is general legal information, not legal advice. It covers Iowa Code chapter 91D and the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) as verified on September 29, 2026. For a specific pay situation, consult a lawyer licensed in Iowa or the state labor agency.
Related pages
- Minimum wage by state
- Federal minimum wage rules
- Iowa final paycheck laws
- Iowa at-will employment laws
- Unpaid wages and how to claim them
- Overtime calculator
- Illinois minimum wage
- Wisconsin minimum wage
Last updated: September 29, 2026.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the minimum wage in Iowa?
$7.25 per hour under Iowa Code 91D.1(1)(a), or the federal minimum wage if it is greater.
Will Iowa's minimum wage go up in 2027?
No increase is scheduled. Iowa's rate would rise automatically only if the federal rate rises above $7.25 or the legislature passes a new law.
What is the Iowa tipped minimum wage?
Employers of restaurant, hotel, motel, inn or cabin employees who receive more than $30 a month in tips may pay $4.35 per hour, per DIAL, if wages plus tips reach $7.25. The tip credit cannot exceed 40 percent of the minimum wage.
Can Des Moines or Iowa City set a higher minimum wage?
No. Iowa Code 364.3(12) bars cities, and 331.304(12) bars counties, from adopting wage rules that exceed state or federal minimum wage requirements.
Are small businesses exempt from Iowa's minimum wage?
Enterprises with annual gross sales under $300,000 are excluded from the Iowa act, except categories such as construction, hospitals, schools and public agencies (91D.1(2)). The FLSA has its own coverage tests.
How long do I have to file an Iowa wage claim?
DIAL will not accept a complaint after one year from the date wages became due (Iowa Code 91A.10(1)), and only for amounts under $6,500. A lawsuit for wages generally must be filed within two years (Iowa Code 614.1(8)).
Where do I file a minimum wage complaint in Iowa?
With DIAL's Wage and Child Labor unit. FLSA-covered workers can also call the U.S. Department of Labor at 1-866-487-9243.
Updates
Independently fact-checked against the cited primary sources
The Law Behind This Article
This article rests on the statutory provisions below, held in our own legal record and retrieved from the official source. Tap a section to read the operative text.
Iowa Code, Chapter 91D: MINIMUM WAGE
§ 91D.1Minimum wage requirements — exceptions.In force
1. a. The state hourly wage shall be at least $6.20 as of April 1, 2007, and $7.25 as of January 1, 2008. b. Every employer, as defined in the federal Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended to January 1, 2007, shall pay to each of the employer’s employees, as defined in the federal Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended to January 1, 2007, the state hourly wage stated in paragraph “a”, or the current federal minimum wage, pursuant to 29 U.S.C. §206, as amended, whichever is greater. c. For purposes of determining whether an employee of a restaurant, hotel, motel, inn, or cabin, who customarily and regularly receives more than thirty dollars a month in tips is receiving the minimum hourly wage rate prescribed by this section, the amount paid the employee by the employer shall be deemed to be increased on account of the tips by an amount determined by the employer, not to exceed forty percent of the applicable minimum wage. An employee may file a written appeal with the director of the department of inspections, appeals, and licensing if the amount of tips received by the employee is less than the amount determined by the employer under this subsection. d.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Iowa Code, Chapter 364: POWERS AND DUTIES OF CITIES
§ 364.3Limitation of powers.In force
The following are limitations upon the powers of a city: 1. A city council shall exercise a power only by the passage of a motion, a resolution, an amendment, or an ordinance. 2. For a violation of an ordinance a city shall not provide a penalty in excess of the maximum fine and term of imprisonment for a simple misdemeanor under section 903.1, subsection 1, paragraph “a”. An amount equal to twenty percent of all fines collected by cities shall be deposited in the account established in section 602.8108. However, one hundred percent of all fines collected by a city pursuant to section 321.236, subsection 1, shall be retained by the city. The crime services surcharge required by section 911.1 shall be added to a city fine and is not a part of the city’s penalty. 3. a. A city may not set standards and requirements which are lower or less stringent than those imposed by state law, but may set standards and requirements which are higher or more stringent than those imposed by state law, unless a state law provides otherwise. b.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Iowa Code, Chapter 331: COUNTY HOME RULE IMPLEMENTATION
§ 331.304Procedural limitations on general county powers.In force
If a county proposes to exercise any of the following powers, it shall do so in accordance with the following limitations: 1. The power to act jointly with other political subdivisions or public or private agencies shall be exercised in accordance with chapter 28E or 28I or other applicable state law. 2. The power to adopt, administer, and enforce the state building code shall be exercised in accordance with chapter 103A. The power to adopt by ordinance, administer, and enforce a county building code, is subject to the following restrictions: a. A county building code shall not apply within the incorporated area of a city except at the option of the city, and shall not apply within a city’s two-mile limit referred to in section 414.23, to the extent that the city has adopted a building code within the two-mile limit. b. A county building code shall not apply to farm houses or other farm buildings which are primarily adapted for use for agricultural purposes, while so used or under construction for that use. 3. A county shall not license elevator inspectors or regulate elevator conveyances except as provided in section 89A.15. 4.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Iowa Code, Chapter 91A: WAGE PAYMENT COLLECTION
§ 91A.8Damages recoverable by an employee.In forcecited in 2 of our articles
When it has been shown that an employer has intentionally failed to pay an employee wages or reimburse expenses pursuant to section 91A.3, whether as the result of a wage dispute or otherwise, the employer shall be liable to the employee for any wages or expenses that are so intentionally failed to be paid or reimbursed, plus liquidated damages, court costs and any attorney’s fees incurred in recovering the unpaid wages and determined to have been usual and necessary. In other instances the employer shall be liable only for unpaid wages or expenses, court costs and usual and necessary attorney’s fees incurred in recovering the unpaid wages or expenses.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Cited in 53 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Dallenbach v. MAPCO Gas Products, Inc. (Supreme Court of Iowa 1990, 459 N.W.2d 483)“…s as allowed in certain chapter 91A cases. See Iowa Code § 91A.8. MAPCO Gas appealed. We transfer…”
- Runyon v. Kubota Tractor Corp. (Supreme Court of Iowa 2002, 653 N.W.2d 582)“…entitlement to liquidated damages. The governing statute is Iowa Code section 91A.8. It provides: When it has been shown…”
- Gabelmann v. NFO, INC. (Supreme Court of Iowa 2000, 606 N.W.2d 339)“…uding NFO’s conduct was not “intentional.” See Iowa Code § 91A.8 (under Wage Payment Collection Law, emp…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Iowa Final Paycheck Laws: Deadline, Penalties, Deductions
§ 91A.10Settlement of claims and suits for wages — prohibition against discharge of employee.In forcecited in 3 of our articles
1. Upon the written complaint of the employee involved, the director may determine whether wages have not been paid and may constitute an enforceable claim. If for any reason the director decides not to make such determination, the director shall so notify the complaining employee within fourteen days of receipt of the complaint. The director shall otherwise notify the employee of such determination within a reasonable time and if it is determined that there is an enforceable claim, the director shall, with the consent of the complaining employee, take an assignment in trust for the wages and for any claim for liquidated damages without being bound by any of the technical rules respecting the validity of the assignment. However, the director shall not accept any complaint for unpaid wages and liquidated damages after one year from the date the wages became due and payable. 2.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Cited in 18 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2024
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Karen Dorshkind v. Oak Park Place of Dubuque II, L.L.C. (Supreme Court of Iowa 2013, 835 N.W.2d 293)“…ld have filed a complaint with the labor commissioner under Iowa Code section 91A.10, he chose to make a complaint in-house.…”
- Tullis v. Merrill (Supreme Court of Iowa 1998, 584 N.W.2d 236)“…operated in bringing any action against an employer. Iowa Code § 91A.10(5). In Phipps , where t…”
- Figley v. W.S. Industrial (Court of Appeals of Iowa 2011, 801 N.W.2d 602)“…tion of both the FLSA ( 29 USC § 215 (a)(3)) and the IWPCA (Iowa Code § 91A.10 (2009)); he alleges the counterclaim ca…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Iowa Whistleblower Laws: Protections and How to Report
Iowa Code, Chapter 614: LIMITATIONS OF ACTIONS
§ 614.1Period.In forcecited in 16 of our articles
Actions may be brought within the times limited as follows, respectively, after their causes accrue, and not afterwards, except when otherwise specially declared: 1. Penalties or forfeitures under ordinance. Those to enforce the payment of a penalty or forfeiture under an ordinance, within one year. 2. Injuries to person or reputation — relative rights — statute penalty. Those founded on injuries to the person or reputation, including injuries to relative rights, whether based on contract or tort, or for a statute penalty, within two years. 2A. With respect to products. a.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-09-08 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Cited in 459 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):Iowa courts pick the subsection by the nature of the right sued upon. Sandbulte v. Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Co. (1984) applied the five-year unwritten-contract period of 614.1(4), not the two-year injury period, to an insurer bad-faith claim. Rathje v. Mercy Hospital (2008) read 614.1(9)(a) to run from knowledge of injury and cause.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Sandbulte v. Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Co. (Supreme Court of Iowa 1984, 343 N.W.2d 457)✓Insureds sued their carrier for bad faith failure to defend and for failing to advise on adequate coverage; the Iowa Supreme Court held both claims rested on implied contracts, so the five-year period of section 614.1(4) applied, not the two-year period of 614.1(2).
- Miller v. Boone County Hospital (Supreme Court of Iowa 1986, 394 N.W.2d 776)✓A mother sued a county hospital nearly two years after its staff allegedly gave negligent advice about her feverish infant; the Iowa Supreme Court struck the 60-day notice rule of section 613A.5 on equal protection grounds and held chapter 614 supplies the limitation period.
- Hamm v. Allied Mutual Insurance Co. (Supreme Court of Iowa 2000, 612 N.W.2d 775)✓After settling with an underinsured driver, insureds sued their own carrier for underinsured motorist benefits; the Iowa Supreme Court held the policy set no limitation period of its own, so section 614.1(5)'s ten-year contract period ran from the insurer's denial.
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Iowa Dog Bite Laws: Liability and Victim Rights, Iowa Defamation Laws: Libel, Slander & Suing (2026), Motorcycle Accident Laws in Iowa (2026): Deadlines & Helmets
Iowa Code, Chapter 85: WORKERS’ COMPENSATION
§ 85.61Definitions.In force
In chapter 10A, subchapter III, this chapter, and chapter 87, unless the context otherwise requires, the following definitions of terms shall prevail: 1. “Alteration” means a material change to a permanent prosthetic device that is necessary due to an employee’s injury, without which would not allow the injured employee use of the prosthetic device as effectively as prior to the injury. 2. The word “court” means the district court. 3. “Employer” includes and applies to the following: a. A person, firm, association, or corporation, state, county, municipal corporation, school corporation, area education agency, township as an employer of volunteer fire fighters and emergency medical care providers only, benefited fire district, and the legal representatives of a deceased employer. b. A rehabilitation facility approved for purchase-of-service contracts or for referrals by the department of health and human services or the department of education. c.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at legis.iowa.gov
Cited in 44 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2025
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Julie K. Burton v. Hilltop Care Center and Iowa Long Term Care Risk Management Association (Supreme Court of Iowa 2012, 813 N.W.2d 250)“…s, and the employer’s contribution for welfare benefits. Iowa Code § 85.61 (3) (emphasis added). We will now apply…”
- Mycogen Seeds v. Sands (Supreme Court of Iowa 2004, 686 N.W.2d 457)“…they argue, is that Sands’ bonuses were irregular. Iowa Code section 85.61(3) provides that “irregular bonuses” ar…”
- Staff Management and New Hampshire Insurance Company v. Pascuala Jimenez (Supreme Court of Iowa 2013, 839 N.W.2d 640)“…press or implied, or apprenticeship, for an employer.” See Iowa Code § 85.61(11) (2013). The legislature also inclu…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
United States Code Title 29
§ 203DefinitionsIn forcecited in 32 of our articles
As used in this chapter— “Person” means an individual, partnership, association, corporation, business trust, legal representative, or any organized group of persons. “Commerce” means trade, commerce, transportation, transmission, or communication among the several States or between any State and any place outside thereof. “State” means any State of the United States or the District of Columbia or any Territory or possession of the United States. “Employer” includes any person acting directly or indirectly in the interest of an employer in relation to an employee and includes a public agency, but does not include any labor organization (other than when acting as an employer) or anyone acting in the capacity of officer or agent of such labor organization. Except as provided in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), the term “employee” means any individual employed by an employer.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-28 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 4,743 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Wisconsin v. Yoder (Supreme Court of the United States 1972, 406 U.S. 205)“…hteen years or detrimental to their health or well-being." 29 U. S. C. § 203 (l). [20] Cf. e. g., Jacobson v…”
- College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board (Supreme Court of the United States 1999, 527 U.S. 666)“…specifically covered the state hospitals in question, see 29 U. S. C. § 203 (d) (1964 ed.), and such coverage was u…”
- Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (Supreme Court of the United States 1985, 469 U.S. 528)“…vernment employees. §§ 6(a)(1) and (6), 88 Stat. 58 , 60, 29 U. S. C. §§ 203 (d) and (x). SATS complied with the FLS…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Federal Minimum Wage 2026: $7.25 an Hour Since 2009, Minimum Wage by State 2026: All 50 States and DC, Alabama Minimum Wage 2026: $7.25 Federal, No State Rate
§ 206Minimum wageIn forcecited in 49 of our articles
Every employer shall pay to each of his employees who in any workweek is engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, or is employed in an enterprise engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, wages at the following rates: except as otherwise provided in this section, not less than— $5.85 an hour, beginning on the 60th day after May 25, 2007; $6.55 an hour, beginning 12 months after that 60th day; and $7.25 an hour, beginning 24 months after that 60th day; if such employee is a home worker in Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands, not less than the minimum piece rate prescribed by regulation or order; or, if no such minimum piece rate is in effect, any piece rate adopted by such employer which shall yield, to the proportion or class of employees prescribed by regulation or order, not less than the applicable minimum hourly wage rate. Such minimum piece rates or employer piece rates shall be commensurate with, and shall be paid in lieu of, the minimum hourly wage rate applicable under the provisions of this section.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-28 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 6,250 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Mark D. Tourscher v. Martin Horn, Secretary of the Pa. Dept. Of Corrections John McCullough Superintendent ,(d.c. Civil No. 98-Cv-00176j) (Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit 1999, 184 F.3d 236)“…wage provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”), 29 U.S.C. § 206 (a), for the work he was compelled to d…”
- Christensen v. Harris County (Supreme Court of the United States 2000, 529 U.S. 576)“…in the private sector of the economy or the public sector. 29 U. S. C. §§ 206 , 207 (1994 ed. and Supp. III). In 1985…”
- Barrentine v. Arkansas-Best Freight System, Inc. (Supreme Court of the United States 1981, 450 U.S. 728)“…a minimum wage under § 6 of the Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U. S. C. § 206 , may not be waived through a collectiv…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Ohio Debt Collection Laws: Garnishment Formula, the 6-Year Consumer Debt Rule, and Repossession, South Dakota Debt Collection Laws: The 20% Garnishment Cap and 120-Day Lien, Wage Theft in the U.S.: Your Rights Regardless of Immigration Status
§ 215Prohibited acts; prima facie evidenceIn forcecited in 33 of our articles
After the expiration of one hundred and twenty days from June 25, 1938, it shall be unlawful for any person— to transport, offer for transportation, ship, deliver, or sell in commerce, or to ship, deliver, or sell with knowledge that shipment or delivery or sale thereof in commerce is intended, any goods in the production of which any employee was employed in violation of section 206 or section 207 of this title, or in violation of any regulation or order of the Secretary issued under section 214 of this title; except that no provision of this chapter shall impose any liability upon any common carrier for the transportation in commerce in the regular course of its business of any goods not produced by such common carrier, and no provision of this chapter shall excuse any common carrier from its obligation to accept any goods for transportation; and except that any such transportation, offer, shipment, delivery, or sale of such goods by a purchaser who acquired them in good faith in reliance on written assurance from the producer that the goods were produced in compliance with the requirements of this chapter, and who acquired such goods for value without notice of any such…
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-28 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 1,632 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Frank L. LOEB, Plaintiff, v. TEXTRON, INC., Et Al., Defendants (Court of Appeals for the First Circuit 1979, 600 F.2d 1003)“…available under the FLSA. A relevant starting point may be 29 U.S.C. § 215 (a)(3), which prohibits the retaliatory…”
- United States v. Universal C. I. T. Credit Corp. (Supreme Court of the United States 1952, 344 U.S. 218)“…1060 , *219 1068-1069, as amended, 63 Stat. 910 , 919, 29 U. S. C. §§ 215 , 216 (a), charging the defendant corpo…”
- Mitchell v. Robert DeMario Jewelry, Inc. (Supreme Court of the United States 1960, 361 U.S. 288)“…he three employees in violation of § 15 (a)(3) of the Act, 29 U. S. C. § 215 (a)(3), and' praying for an. order enj…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Federal Whistleblower Laws: Protections and How to Report, Employer Threatening to Call Immigration? Your Rights in the U.S., Connecticut Minimum Wage 2026: $16.94 an Hour ($17.48 in 2027)
§ 216PenaltiesIn forcecited in 46 of our articles
Any person who willfully violates any of the provisions of section 215 of this title shall upon conviction thereof be subject to a fine of not more than $10,000, or to imprisonment for not more than six months, or both. No person shall be imprisoned under this subsection except for an offense committed after the conviction of such person for a prior offense under this subsection. Any employer who violates the provisions of section 206 or section 207 of this title shall be liable to the employee or employees affected in the amount of their unpaid minimum wages, or their unpaid overtime compensation, as the case may be, and in an additional equal amount as liquidated damages. Any employer who violates the provisions of section 215(a)(3) or 218d of this title shall be liable for such legal or equitable relief as may be appropriate to effectuate the purposes of section 215(a)(3) or 218d of this title, including without limitation employment, reinstatement, promotion, and the payment of wages lost and an additional equal amount as liquidated damages.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-09-03 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 9,526 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):The Supreme Court treats Section 216(b) as the FLSA's private-suit clause. Alden v. Maine (1999) held Article I gives Congress no power to subject nonconsenting states to such private damages suits in their own courts. Christensen v. Harris County (2000) applied Section 216(b)'s requirement that plaintiffs prove a Section 207 violation.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. v. Wilderness Society (Supreme Court of the United States 1975, 421 U.S. 240)“…abor Standards Act, § 16 (b), 52 Stat. 1069 , as amended, 29 U. S. C. § 216 (b); Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers…”
- Roadway Express, Inc. v. Piper (Supreme Court of the United States 1980, 447 U.S. 752)“…ther taxable costs. Compare 42 U. S. C. § 2000a-3 (b) with 29 U. S. C. § 216 (b) (1970 ed., Supp. V).” Id., at 6…”
- Hutto v. Finney (Supreme Court of the United States 1979, 437 U.S. 678)“…ther taxable costs. Compare 42 U. S. C. § 2000a-3 (b) with 29 U. S. C. § 216 (b) (1970 ed., Supp. V). [29] See…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Unpaid Wages: How to File a Claim and Recover What You're Owed, Independent Contractor vs. Employee: The IRS, DOL and ABC Tests, Alaska Minimum Wage 2026: $14.00 an Hour, $15.00 in July 2027
§ 218Relation to other lawsIn forcecited in 52 of our articles
No provision of this chapter or of any order thereunder shall excuse noncompliance with any Federal or State law or municipal ordinance establishing a minimum wage higher than the minimum wage established under this chapter or a maximum work week lower than the maximum workweek established under this chapter, and no provision of this chapter relating to the employment of child labor shall justify noncompliance with any Federal or State law or municipal ordinance establishing a higher standard than the standard established under this chapter. No provision of this chapter shall justify any employer in reducing a wage paid by him which is in excess of the applicable minimum wage under this chapter, or justify any employer in increasing hours of employment maintained by him which are shorter than the maximum hours applicable under this chapter.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-28 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 312 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Philip Williamson Itzik Riefronda Kirlin Thomas Painter,plaintiffs-Appellants v. General Dynamics Corporation,opinion (Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 2000, 208 F.3d 1144)“…wage, hour, and child labor legislation. See 29 U.S.C. § 218 (a). 1 *1151…”
- United States v. Klinghoffer Bros. Realty Corp., Irving Jacobson and Albert Klinghoffer (Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit 1961, 285 F.2d 487)“…agreement to accept reduced pay is valid, notwithstanding 29 U.S.C. § 218 . White v. Witwer Grocer Co., 8 Cir.,…”
- Pacific Merchant Shipping Ass'n v. Aubry (Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 1990, 918 F.2d 1409)“…han the maximum workweek established under this chapter. 29 U.S.C. Section 218 (a). The employees and the United State…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Arizona Minimum Wage 2026: $15.15 Per Hour, $15.65 in 2027, Arkansas Minimum Wage 2026: $11.00 an Hour, Tip Credit Rules, California Minimum Wage 2026: $16.90 an Hour, $17.40 in 2027
§ 255Statute of limitationsIn forcecited in 39 of our articles
Any action commenced on or after May 14, 1947, to enforce any cause of action for unpaid minimum wages, unpaid overtime compensation, or liquidated damages, under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], the Walsh-Healey Act, or the Bacon-Davis Act 1 See References in Text note below. — if the cause of action accrues on or after May 14, 1947 —may be commenced within two years after the cause of action accrued, and every such action shall be forever barred unless commenced within two years after the cause of action accrued, except that a cause of action arising out of a willful violation may be commenced within three years after the cause of action accrued; if the cause of action accrued prior to May 14, 1947 —may be commenced within whichever of the following periods is the shorter: (1) two years after the cause of action accrued, or (2) the period prescribed by the applicable State statute of limitations; and, except as provided in paragraph (c), every such action shall be forever barred unless commenced within the shorter of such two periods; if the cause of action accrued prior to May 14, 1947, the action shall not be barred by paragraph (b)…
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-28 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at uscode.house.gov
Cited in 2,924 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents (Supreme Court of the United States 2000, 528 U.S. 62)“…added to the statute of limitations provision of the FLSA, 29 U. S. C. § 255 , a new subsection (d), which suspended…”
- Oscar Mayer & Co. v. Evans (Supreme Court of the United States 1979, 441 U.S. 750)“…title shall apply to actions under this chapter." Title 29 U. S. C. § 255 provides in relevant part: "Any acti…”
- Phyllis Miller v. Maxwell's International Inc., Dba Maxwell's Plum, Debtor in Possession Carlo Galazzo, Gen. Mgt., Dino La Rosa Don Bohn Don Schupak (Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 1993, 991 F.2d 583)“…o a more generous three-year statute of limitations. See 29 U.S.C. § 255 (a) (1988) (three-year statute of limit…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Colorado Minimum Wage 2026: $15.16, $15.71 in 2027, Georgia Minimum Wage 2026: $7.25 Federal, $5.15 State Rate, Hawaii Minimum Wage 2026: $16.00 an Hour, Next Step $18.00 in 2028
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Sources and References
- Iowa Code chapter 91D, Minimum Wage (2026 edition)(legis.iowa.gov).gov
- 29 U.S.C. 206, minimum wage (Cornell LII)(law.cornell.edu).gov
- Iowa Code 364.3, city powers and limitations(legis.iowa.gov).gov
- U.S. DOL Wage and Hour Division, Minimum Wage FAQ(dol.gov).gov
- 29 U.S.C. 218, effect on other laws (Cornell LII)(law.cornell.edu).gov
- 29 U.S.C. 203, definitions and tip credit (Cornell LII)(law.cornell.edu).gov
- Iowa DIAL, Wage and Child Labor wages(dial.iowa.gov).gov
- U.S. DOL, Tipped minimum wage by state(dol.gov).gov
- Iowa Code 331.304, county powers and limitations(legis.iowa.gov).gov
- Iowa Code chapter 91A, Wage Payment Collection Law(legis.iowa.gov).gov
- U.S. DOL Wage and Hour Division, file a complaint(dol.gov).gov
- 29 U.S.C. 216, penalties and civil actions (Cornell LII)(law.cornell.edu).gov
- 29 U.S.C. 255, statute of limitations (Cornell LII)(law.cornell.edu).gov
- 29 U.S.C. 215, prohibited acts (Cornell LII)(law.cornell.edu).gov
- Iowa Code 91A.10, assignment of claims and retaliation(www.legis.iowa.gov).gov
- Iowa Code 614.1, limitations of actions(www.legis.iowa.gov).gov
- Iowa Legislature, Code sections amended (2026 session)(www.legis.iowa.gov).gov
- 481 IAC 230, initial employment wage rate(www.legis.iowa.gov).gov