Community Service (Taakstraf) in the Netherlands: Rules and Limits

When a Dutch criminal court decides that a case does not call for prison, it can order a community-service sentence (taakstraf): unpaid work carried out for the community. The taakstraf is one of the four main penalties in Dutch criminal law and is imposed across a wide range of cases, from vandalism and theft to lower-level assault.

This page explains what a taakstraf is, the 240-hour statutory ceiling, the offences for which it may not be imposed on its own (the taakstrafverbod), and what happens when the work is not carried out. It cites the Wetboek van Strafrecht (Sr), the criminal code, as the law of record.

Information last verified on 22 July 2026. This page provides general legal information about Netherlands law and does not constitute legal advice in an individual case.

What a taakstraf is

Dutch criminal law lists four main penalties (hoofdstraffen) in artikel 9 lid 1 Sr: imprisonment (gevangenisstraf), detention for minor offences (hechtenis), the taakstraf, and the fine (geldboete). The taakstraf is a full penalty in its own right, not an add-on to another sentence.

Artikel 9 lid 2 Sr allows a court to impose a taakstraf instead of a custodial sentence or a fine for most serious offences (misdrijven) and for imprisonable minor offences (overtredingen). The one exception is where the law provides otherwise, which is the taakstrafverbod discussed below.

Artikel 22c lid 1 Sr defines the content: a taakstraf consists of unpaid work, and the vonnis (the judgment) states the number of hours, and may state the nature of the work. Since a 2012 reform a taakstraf can only be unpaid work; the separate learning penalty (leerstraf) no longer exists as a form of taakstraf. In practice the reclassering (the probation service) arranges and supervises the placement.

The 240-hour ceiling and what happens if you do not complete it

A taakstraf (community service) consists of unpaid work and may last no more than 240 hours (artikel 22c Sr); if it is not completed, the court-ordered vervangende hechtenis applies, at no more than one day for every two hours of unworked community service (artikel 22d Sr).

The ceiling in artikel 22c lid 2 Sr is 240 hours. There is no statutory minimum in that article, so a court can impose a short order of, say, 40 or 60 hours for a minor offence and reserve longer orders for more serious cases.

Completion is enforced through substitute detention. Under artikel 22d lid 1 Sr, at the moment it imposes the taakstraf the court also orders, in advance, the vervangende hechtenis that will apply if the work is not performed properly. Artikel 22d lid 3 Sr fixes the rate: the substitute detention is at least one day and at most four months, and for every two hours of unworked community service no more than one day is imposed.

The arithmetic follows directly. A 120-hour taakstraf that is not carried out converts to at most 60 days of vervangende hechtenis. The 240-hour maximum maps to at most 120 days, that is four months. Where the work is not completed, the Openbaar Ministerie can order the substitute detention to be executed under artikel 6:3:3 Sv.

When a taakstraf may not stand alone: the taakstrafverbod

A taakstraf may not be imposed on its own for a misdrijf carrying a statutory maximum of six years or more that has seriously harmed the victim's bodily integrity, or for the offences in artikelen 181, 252 and 253 Sr; the court may still impose one only alongside an unconditional custodial sentence (artikel 22b Sr).

Artikel 22b Sr sets out the ban. Lid 1 covers two situations. First, a misdrijf that carries a statutory maximum of six years' imprisonment or more and that caused a serious infringement of the victim's bodily integrity. Second, a conviction for one of the offences in artikelen 181, 252 and 253 Sr.

Those three articles are worth glossing. Artikel 181 Sr covers violent coercion of, or resistance to, a public official (the offences in artikelen 179 and 180 Sr) where it causes bodily harm, serious bodily harm or death. Artikelen 252 and 253 Sr are child sexual abuse material offences. They carry these numbers because of the Wet seksuele misdrijven, which came into force on 1 July 2024 and renumbered the sexual-offence articles, so older sources cite different numbers.

Artikel 22b lid 2 Sr adds a recidive limb. A taakstraf is also barred where, in the five years before the offence, the offender was given a taakstraf for a similar misdrijf and performed it, or the vervangende hechtenis for it was ordered.

The word "alone" matters, because of the exception. Artikel 22b lid 3 Sr lets the court depart from lid 1 and lid 2 if it imposes an unconditional custodial sentence or a liberty-depriving measure alongside the taakstraf. So for a serious assault that leaves lasting injury, community service on its own is off the table, but the court can still attach a taakstraf to at least some unconditional prison time.

Combining a taakstraf with a fine or a suspended sentence

A taakstraf can sit alongside other penalties. Artikel 9 lid 3 Sr allows a fine to be added, and artikel 9 lid 4 Sr lets the court add a taakstraf where the unconditional part of a custodial sentence is at most six months. A suspended prison sentence combined with a taakstraf is a common disposal for mid-range offences.

Where a fine is imposed instead of, or on top of, a taakstraf, its ceiling comes from the fine categories in artikel 23 Sr. The base amounts in the consolidated text carry an editorial note reading "Per 1 januari 2026", which gives higher indexed figures: on that basis the third category stands at EUR 11,000 and the fourth at EUR 27,500. These amounts are re-indexed periodically, so the year matters when quoting a figure.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a taakstraf in the Netherlands?

A taakstraf is a community-service sentence: unpaid work imposed by a criminal court. It is one of the four main penalties in artikel 9 Sr and can be imposed instead of prison or a fine for most offences, up to a maximum of 240 hours.

What is the maximum number of hours for a taakstraf?

The maximum is 240 hours under artikel 22c lid 2 Sr. That article sets no minimum, so short orders of a few dozen hours are used for minor offences and longer orders for more serious ones.

Can community service be imposed for any crime?

No. The taakstrafverbod in artikel 22b Sr bars a stand-alone taakstraf for a misdrijf carrying a six-year maximum or more that seriously harmed the victim's bodily integrity, and for the offences in artikelen 181, 252 and 253 Sr. In those cases the court may impose a taakstraf only alongside an unconditional custodial sentence.

What happens if I do not complete my taakstraf?

The court has ordered substitute detention (vervangende hechtenis) in advance. Under artikel 22d Sr it runs at no more than one day for every two unworked hours, with a floor of one day and a ceiling of four months. Unworked hours are converted at that rate.

Is a taakstraf paid work?

No. Artikel 22c lid 1 Sr defines a taakstraf as unpaid work. The number of hours is set in the vonnis, and the reclassering arranges the placement.

Can a taakstraf be combined with a prison sentence or a fine?

Yes. Artikel 9 lid 3 Sr allows a fine alongside a taakstraf, and artikel 9 lid 4 Sr allows a taakstraf alongside a custodial sentence whose unconditional part is at most six months. A suspended prison sentence with a taakstraf is common.

Does the five-year rule mean a repeat offender can never get community service?

Artikel 22b lid 2 Sr bars a stand-alone taakstraf where the offender performed one for a similar misdrijf within the previous five years. As with the other limbs, artikel 22b lid 3 Sr still allows a taakstraf if an unconditional custodial sentence is imposed alongside it.