Delaware Grandparents' Rights: Third-Party Visitation Under 13 Del. C. Section 2412

Delaware does not have a grandparent-specific visitation statute; instead, «any adult person» can petition under Delaware's third-party visitation law. Grandparents do not need to show a prior relationship with the child the way some other petitioners under this law do, but a fit parent's objection still carries real legal protection, and grandparents do not have an automatic right to visitation.

Information last verified on 2026-08-12. This article has not yet been reviewed by a licensed lawyer.

Delaware's Third-Party Visitation Law

Delaware handles grandparent visitation through a general third-party visitation statute, 13 Del. C. Chapter 24, rather than a grandparent-specific law. Section 2410 gives «any adult person» standing to petition, with no family-status trigger required, meaning a grandparent does not need to wait for a divorce, a death, or any other specific event before filing. Notably, grandparents are not required under this chapter to show a preexisting, substantial relationship with the child the way some other third-party petitioners are.

The real gate is substantive, found in Section 2412. A petitioner must show that visitation serves the child's best interest, and that one of four conditions applies: the parent consents; the child is dependent, neglected, or abused in the parent's care; the parent is deceased; or, where the parent objects, the petitioner proves by clear and convincing evidence that the parent's objection is unreasonable, and separately shows by a preponderance of the evidence that the visitation will not substantially interfere with the parent-child relationship.

That last pathway, the one that applies when a fit parent actively objects, is the one most grandparents will actually face. It requires clearing two distinct evidentiary showings, not one. This is a real, moderate barrier: not the harm requirement some states impose, but meaningfully more than a bare best-interest test, and it reflects the same constitutional concern behind Troxel v. Granville, 530 U.S. 57 (2000), that a fit parent's own decision deserves genuine deference.

Delaware's «unreasonable objection» framing is distinct from both the presumption-rebuttal states like Alabama, where the grandparent must show a strong relationship to overcome a presumption, and harm states like Connecticut, where actual harm to the child must be proven. In Delaware, the focus is squarely on whether the parent's specific reason for objecting holds up, which in practice means the grandparent's evidence often centers on rebutting whatever justification the parent has offered, not simply building an independent case for why visitation would help the child.

How Delaware's Supreme Court Has Applied the Statute

This two-part test is not just statutory theory; the Delaware Supreme Court has applied it to grandparents in real, decided appeals, with outcomes running both ways. The leading illustration is Grant v. Grant, 173 A.3d 1051 (Del. 2017). There, the Family Court had awarded grandparents supervised, therapeutic visitation over the parents' objection, and the Supreme Court reversed, holding the grandparents had not carried either required showing under Section 2412: they had not proven by clear and convincing evidence that the parents' objection was unreasonable, and they had not separately shown by a preponderance of the evidence that visitation would not substantially interfere with the parent-child relationship. Grant is a concrete demonstration of how demanding the two-part test is in practice, even after a grandparent wins in the Family Court.

Grant is not an outlier, and it does not mean Delaware grandparents always lose. The Grant opinion's own footnotes collect several more Delaware Supreme Court decisions applying the same statute to grandparent petitioners, describing Everett v. Scott (Del. 2016) and Samuels v. Jowers (Del. 2015) as affirming awards of grandparent visitation, and Grey v. Knight (Del. 2014) and Frank v. Stewart (Del. 2013) as affirming denials. The pattern matches the statute's design: outcomes turn on the specific facts about the parent's stated reasons and the visitation's effect on the parent-child relationship, not on any automatic rule for or against grandparents.

Custody Is a Separate Track

Delaware handles grandparent, or any nonparent, guardianship of a child through a different chapter, 13 Del. C. Section 2330. The court must find either the parent's voluntary consent, or, after a hearing, proof by a preponderance of the evidence that the child is dependent, neglected, or abused in the parent's care, among other listed grounds. This is a distinct legal track from visitation, generally reserved for more serious situations. For more, see Can Grandparents Get Custody? and Delaware child custody laws.

What Happens After Termination of Parental Rights or Adoption

Delaware's rule here is specific and worth understanding carefully. Where a parent's rights have already been terminated, which typically precedes an adoption, that terminated parent and the terminated parent's relatives, including grandparents on that side, are barred from filing for third-party visitation. There is a narrow path back: filing is allowed only if both more than three years have passed since the termination-of-parental-rights order was entered, AND the child has not been adopted. Because that second condition requires the child to remain unadopted, an actual adoption forecloses this route entirely, regardless of how much time has passed. Unlike several nearby states, Delaware's statute does not carve out an exception for a stepparent adoption.

How to Petition for Third-Party Visitation in Delaware

A visitation case is filed in the Family Court of the State of Delaware, and any adult person may file under Section 2410 without needing to wait for a specific triggering event. No official statewide fee schedule was located for this filing, so confirm the current cost with the Family Court clerk's office where you plan to file. If the case is appealed, the decided Delaware Supreme Court cases described above show how the two-part standard is enforced at that level.

Delaware's Family Court generally schedules a case management conference early in the process and often refers contested visitation matters to mediation before a merits hearing, consistent with the court's general preference for resolving family disputes without a trial where possible. If mediation fails, the hearing focuses on the two-part showing described above, unreasonableness of the parent's objection and lack of substantial interference with the parent-child relationship, and both sides typically present documentary evidence and testimony about the family's history.

Delaware's Family Court system generally favors mediation, and a grandparent should try that route, or a direct conversation with the parent, before filing a petition. Even a moderate-difficulty legal standard means real time, cost, and an adversarial posture toward the child's parent once litigation starts, which can itself strain the relationship a grandparent hopes to preserve. If a family decides to move forward, a family-law attorney licensed in Delaware can evaluate whether the parent's objection is realistically unreasonable under the statute before a case is filed.

Disclaimer

This article provides general information about Delaware third-party visitation and custody law. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship. Case outcomes depend heavily on individual facts. Verify current statutory text and consult a licensed Delaware family-law attorney before relying on anything here for a specific situation.

Related Articles

• Grandparents' Rights by State
• Grandparent Visitation Rights
• Can Grandparents Get Custody?
• Delaware Child Custody Laws
• Delaware Divorce Laws

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Last updated: 2026-08-12.